Abstrak

Muara Sungai Barito merupakan wilayah perairan yang banyak melibatkan aktivitas manusia. Perairan ini memiliki banyak faktor pencemar yang disebabkan adanya aktivitas masyarakat sekitar yaitu limbahrumah tangga, limbah peternakan, limbah pertanian, kegiatan industri, tambak yang membuang langsung limbahnya ke sungai serta adanya beberapa aktivitas kapal yang ada di Muara Sungai Barito. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas air, struktur komunitas pada plankton serta tingkat pencemaran di perairan berdasarkan  saprobitas di Muara Sungai Barito. Hasil dari penelitian ini kualitas air sudah  memenuhi baku mutu, namun hanya  pada parameter kecerahan  dan salinitas yang dibawah standar baku mutu. Struktur komunitas mendapatkan kisaran hasil nilai rata-rata pada indeks kelimpahan plankton 6.516,7 – 8.350 Ind/L, sedangkan pada nilai kelimpahan relatif tertinggi pada kelas  Bacillariophyceae. Berdasarkan perhitungan komposisi  plankton, kelas Bacillariophyceae  yang paling tinggi. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman plankton berkisar 3,65 – 4,01, untuk nilai indeks  keseragaman plankton memiliki kisaran yaitu 0,61 – 0,65 dan nilai indeks dominansi berkisar 0,027 –0,040. Berdasarkan perhitungan saprobik indeks dan total saprobik indeks, kategori tingkat pencemarandi perairan Muara Sungai Barito tergolong ringan.

Kata Kunci: Muara Sungai Barito, struktur komunitas, saprobik indeks, kualitas air

Abstract

The estuary of the Barito River is a water area that involves a lot of human activities. These waters have many polluting factors caused by the activities of the surrounding community, namely household waste, livestock waste, agricultural waste, industrial activities, ponds that throw their waste directly into the river and existence of several ship activities in the Barito River Estuary. This study aims to determine the condition of water quality, community structure and the level of water pollution based on the saprobic method at the Barito River Estuary. The results of this study are that the water quality has met the quality standards, but only the brightness and salinity parameters are below the quality standards. Community structure gets the average value of the plankton abundance index of 6.516,7 – 8.350 Ind/L, while the highest relative abundance value was in the Bacillariophyceae class. Based on the count of the plankton composition, the highest class of Bacillariophyceae. The value of the plankton diversity index ranges from 3,65 – 4,01, while the plankton uniformity index value has a range of  0,61 – 0,65, while the value of the dominance index ranged from 0,027 – 0,040. Based on the count of the saprobic index and the total saprobic index, the category of the level of pollution in the waters of the Barito river estuary is classified as light.