ABSTRAK

Muhammad Rizky Abriazizu. Arsitektur Vernakular Rumah Lanting: Adaptasi Manusia Terhadap Karakteristik Lingkungan di Kelurahan Muara Bakanon Kalimantan Tengah (Dibimbing oleh Setia Budhi dan Arif Rahman Hakim).

Suku Dayak memiliki sebuah warisan khas turun temurun dalam bentuk bangunan yang berada di tepi-tepi Sungai Barito bernama lanting atau rumah terapung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji representasi hubungan timbal balik antara manusia dengan alam pada arsitektur vernakular rumah lanting.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan serta dasar penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni – Juli 2022 di Kelurahan Muara Bakanon, Kecamatan Permata Intan, Kabupaten Murung Raya. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa meskipun ukuran rumah lanting yang ada di Kelurahan Muara Bakanon berbeda-beda, namun dari segi bentuk bangunan rumah lanting tidak banyak berubah dari dulu hingga sekarang. Masyarakat yang tinggal di bantaran Sungai Barito membangun rumah lanting sebagai wujud pemanfaatan area sungai. Dalam kajian determinasi lingkungan, Rumah lanting merupakan bentuk adaptasi masyarakat di Kelurahan Muara Bakanon terhadap karakteristik lingkungan yang dominasi oleh sungai barito. Sungai yang memberi banyak manfaat membuat masyarakat berinisiatif mencari jalan agar kegiatan di sungai menjadi lebih mudah. Maka dibangunlah rumah lanting yang mengapung di permukaan sungai dengan bahan-bahan yang di peroleh dari lingkungan setempat pula. Keadaan lingkungan sungai yang sering terjadi bencana banjir juga membuat penghuni rumah lanting aman karna tidak terpengaruh dan tenggelam karena banjir. Kegiatan masyarakat seperti mandi, mencuci, bertani, mencari ikan, berdagang, dan mencari emas juga menjadi lebih mudah dengan adanya rumah lanting.

Kata kunci: Vernakular, Rumah Lanting, Determinasi Lingkungan, Dayak Bakumpai, Sungai Barito.

ABSTRACT

Muhammad Rizky Abriazizu. Vernacular Architecture of Lanting Houses: Human Adaptation to Environmental Characteristics in Muara Bakanon Village, Central Kalimantan (Supervised by Setia Budhi and Arif Rahman Hakim).

The Dayak tribe has a unique legacy from generation to generation in the form of buildings on the banks of the Barito River called lanting or floating houses. This study aims to examine the representation of the mutual relationship between humans and nature in the vernacular architecture of the lanting house.

This study used a qualitative approach with a type of field research and descriptive research as the basis. This research was carried out from June to July 2022 in Muara Bakanon Village, Permata Intan District, Murung Raya Regency. Data collection techniques using participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that although the size of the lanting houses in Muara Bakanon Village are different, in terms of the shape of the lanting houses they have not changed much from the past until now. Communities living on the banks of the Barito River build lanting houses as a form of utilizing the river area. In the study of environmental determination, the lanting house is a form of community adaptation in the Muara Bakanon Village to environmental characteristics dominated by the Barito River. Rivers that provide many benefits make the community take the initiative to find ways to make activities on the river easier. So a lanting house was built that floated on the surface of the river with materials obtained from the local environment as well. The condition of the river environment where floods often occur also makes the residents of the lanting house safe because they are not affected and drowned by floods. Community activities such as bathing, washing, farming, fishing, trading, and searching for gold have also become easier with the lanting house.

Keywords: Vernacular, Lanting House, Environmental Determination, Bakumpai Dayak, Barito River.