POTENSI EKSTRAK BIJI MAHONI (Swetenia mahagoni) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI  Aeromonas hydrophila DAN TOKSISITASNYA PADA IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus)

POTENCY OF MAHOGANY SEEDS EXTRACT (Swetenia mahagoni) AS ANTIBACTERIAL Aeromonas hydrophila AND ITS TOXICITY IN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus)

Ma’rifatul Ulya¹, Siti Aisiah², Fatmawati³

1). Mahasiswa Program Studi Akuakultur Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat 2). Dosen Program Studi Akuakultur Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Email : ulyamarifatul8@gmail.com¹⁾,sitiaisiahbp@gmail.com²⁾, fatmawati01@ulm.ac.id³⁾

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan potensi antibakteri ekstrak biji mahoni terhadap Aeromonas hydrophilasecara in vitro dan menganalisis toksisitas berbagai dosisekstrak biji mahoni pada lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak biji mahoni secara in vitro metode difusi cakram dengan pelarut akuades, dilanjutkan uji toksisitas  pada lele dumbo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu K: tanpa pemberian ekstrak biji mahoni, perendaman ekstrak biji mahoni  2 g/L(A), 4 g/L(B), 6 g/L(C), 8 g/L(D), dan 10 g/L(E). Hasil uji antibakteri ekstrak biji mahoni akuades ada 3 kali ulangan dengan hasil tertinggi 5,8 mm, dan terendah 4,9 mm, dan antibiotik (kontrol) 6,3 mm. Nilai Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) adalah pada konsentrasi 1 g/L Hasil uji toksisitas terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan lele dumbo didapatkan seluruh perlakuan 100%. Pengamatan hemoglobin berkisar  antara 12 – 15 Hb/100 ml, nilai leukokrit berkisar antara 1-2 %, nilai hematokrit berkisar antara 31 - 39 %. Pengamatan histologis pada perakuan E terdapat adanya PMA, MMC dan kongesti pada bagian ginjal dan nekrosis pada hati. Hematologis dan histologis ikan berada pada kisaran ikan sehat. Hasil uji anova menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antar perlakuan yang berarti semua dosis ekstrak biji mahoni yang diberikan tidak toksik terhadap lele dumbo. Disimpulkan ekstrak biji mahoni berpotensi sebagai anti A.hydrophila dan bersifat tidak toksik terhadap lele dumbo.

Kata kunci : Aeromonas hydrophila, ikan lele dumbo, biji mahoni.

ABSTRACT

The Purpose of this research to determine the potential antibacterial of mahagony seeds extract against Aeromonas hydrophilla in vitro and analyze the toxicity of various doses of mahagony seed extract on dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The method used in this research used mahagony seeds extract using in vitro disc diffusion method using distilled water, followed by a toxicity test on dumbo catfish using a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, namely K : without mahagony seeds extract, bathing mahagony seed extract 0,2 g/L(A), 0,4 g/L(B), 0,6 g/L(C), 0,8g/L(D), 10 g/L(E). the result of the antibacterial test for distilled mahagony seeds extract were 3 replications with the highest result being 5,8 mm and the lowest 4,9 mm, and the antibiotic (control) 6,3 mm. the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value is at a concentration of 1 g/L. The results of the toxicity test on the survival of dumbo catfish showed that all treatments were 100%, Hemaglobin observations ranged from 12 -15 hb/100 ml, leukocrit value ranges from 1-2 %, hematocrit values range from 31-39%. Histological obsevations in treatment E showed the presence of PMA, MMC, and congestion in the kidneys and necrosis in the liver. Hematological and histological fish are in the range of healthy fish. The results of the anova test showed there were no differences between treatments, which means that all doses of mahagony seed extract given were not toxic to dumbo catfish. It was concluded thaht mahagony seed extract has the potential to act as an antibacterial A. hydrophilla and is non toxic to dumbo catfish.

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, dumbo catfish, mahogany seed.