Keywords: Passive Voice, Error Analysis, Grammatical Error

Grammatical error is the failure in using the grammar system of a
language due to the lack of learners’ competence or knowledge on grammar
system. When learning English, passive voice is one of the important English
grammars that has to be mastered by the learners when learning English because it
is often used in spoken or written form. Passive voice is used to show the object
that gets the action or activity from the subject. This research tried to identify and
describe five most frequent error types occurred in constructing passive voice
made by tenth grade students at SMKN 1 Banjarmasin.
This research used descriptive method, and qualitative approach. The
population was 436 students, and the sample taken was 133 students. The
sampling technique was purposive sampling. The instruments used in this
research were test and interview.
The result showed that types of errors in constructing passive voice made
by tenth grade students at SMKN 1 Banjarmasin academic year 2016-2017 are
misformation error (779 or 51.62%), omission error (383 or 25.38%), addition
error (211 or 13.98%), and the last was misordering error (136 or 9.01%).
Based on the research result, it is suggested that the teacher should pay
attention on the teaching points that still need further reinforcement by looking at
the items regarded as the highest into the lowest frequency of errors made by
students. Also, the students should do more practice in order to decrease the
students’ lack of knowledge and understanding of the grammatical rules.