EFEK EKSTRAK KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE DAN KADAR ANION SUPEROKSIDA KULIT TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIPAJAN SINAR ULTRAVIOLET

Sabrina Alfaqihah

          Pajanan sinar ultraviolet (UV) berlebihan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan kulit karena adanya produksi senyawa reaktif oksigen (SOR), contohnya anion superoksida, yang berlebihan. Enzim superoksida dismutase (SOD) merupakan antioksidan endogen yang dimiliki tubuh untuk melawan SOR, tetapi karena adanya produksi SOR yang berlebihan, tubuh memerlukan antioksidan eksogen, contohnya kelakai. Kelakai mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menangkap SOR. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak kelakai dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas enzim superoksida dismutase dan kadar anion superoksida kulit tikus yang dipajan sinar ultraviolet. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental murni dengan subjek penelitian tikus (Rattus norvegicus). Sebanyak 24 sampel dikelompokkan ke dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan, sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling dan jumlah pengulanagan dengan metode Federer. Daun kelakai diekstrak menggunakan etanol dengan metode maserasi. Aktivitas enzim SOD dan kadar anion superoksida dihitung dengan metode Misra dan Fridovich menggunakan alat spektofotometer. Data yang diperolehdianalisis menggunakan uji one way Anovadan dilanjutkan dengan ujiPost Hoc Least Significance Different. Hasil analisis data didapatkanadanya perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok yang hanya dipajan sinar UV dengan kelompok yang diberi ekstrak kelakai sebelum dilakukan pemajanan sinar UV. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kelakai dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas enzim SOD dan kadar anion superoksida kulit tikus yang dipajan sinar UV.

Kata-kata kunci: superoksida dismutase, anion superoksida, kelakai, sinar UV

ABSTRACT

EFFECT OF KELAKAI EXTRACT (Stenochlaena palustris) TO SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ENZYME ACTIVITY AND SUPEROXIDE ANION LEVEL OF SKIN IN ULTRAVIOLET RAYS EXPOSED RAT’S SKIN (Rattus norvegicus)

Sabrina Alfaqihah

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can cause skin damage due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), for example superoxide anion. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes are an endogenousantioxidants of human body that fight ROS, but because of the excessive production of ROS the body needs an exogenous antioxidants, for example kelakai. The purpose of this study was to determine whether kelakai extract can affect the activity of SOD enzyme and superoxide anions level of rat skin exposed to ultraviolet light. This research was true experimental with rats (Rattus norvegicus) as research subjects. A total of 24 samples were grouped into 4 groups, samples were selected using the simple random sampling method and the number of repetition using the Federer method. Kelakai leaves were extracted using ethanol by maceration method. SOD enzyme activity and superoxide anion levels were calculated using the Misra and Fridovich method. The data obtained were analyzed using one way Anova test and post hoc test. The results showed that there were significant differences between groups that were only exposed to UV light and the group given kelakai extract before UV exposure. Based on these results it can be concluded that kelakai extract can affect the activity of SOD enzymes and superoxide anion levels of rat skin exposed to UV light.

Key words:superoxide dismutase, superoxide anion, kelakai, UV light