ABSTRAK

JENIS PENCEGAHAN RISIKO JATUH PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT: INTEGRATED LITERATURE REVIEW

Ramadan, AM

Latar Belakang: Setiap rumah sakit yang terakreditasi diharuskan melaksanakan 6 sasaran keselamatan pasien yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Joint Commission International (JCI) dan diatur dalam Standar Nasional Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (SNARS) edisi 1.1. Salah satu dari 6 Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien yaitu mengurangi risiko cedera yang didapatkan oleh pasien akibat terjatuh. Rumah sakit diharapkan memiliki kebijakan dan protokol manajemen risiko jatuh yang sistematis.

Tujuan: Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja jenis pencegahan risiko jatuh pasien di rumah sakit.

Metode:Penelitian integrated literature review ini mengkaji literatur dari artikel penelitian yang memiliki metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasi-experimental, cross-sectional, randomized controlled trial dan artikel penelitian yang memiliki metode penelitian kualititatif. 10 artikel diidentifikasi dari database google scholar dan science direct dalam rentang tahun 2013-2023 dianalisis menggunakan instrumen JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi Experimental Studies, JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies, JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials dan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research.

Hasil: Dari 10 artikel yang sudah ditelaah, diketahui terdapat banyak jenis pencegahan risiko jatuh pada pasien selama menjalani perawatan di rumah sakit mulai dari pelaksanaan asesmen risiko jatuh, pemberian edukasi, pemberian fasilitas yang menunjang kebutuhan pasien, pemantauan kondisi pasien secara berkala, sampai mempersiapkan kepulangan pasien.

Pembahasan:Pencegahan risiko jatuh dapat dikategorikan dalam 3 jenis, yakni penanganan awal pasien, penanganan harian pasien, dan perencanaan pemulangan pasien. Ketiga jenis pencegahan risiko jatuh ini saling berkaitan dan harus dilaksanakan secara sistematis.

Kata Kunci: asesmen, intervensi, pencegahan risiko jatuh, rumah sakit

ABSTRACT

TYPES OF PATIENT FALL RISK PREVENTION IN HOSPITAL: INTEGRATED LITERATURE REVIEW

Ramadan, AM

Background: Every accredited hospital is required to implement 6 patient safety goals that have been set by and Joint Commission International (JCI) and regulated in National Hospital Accreditation Standards (SNARS) edition 1.1. One of the 6 Patient Safety Goals is to reduce the risk of injury suffered by patients due to falls. Hospitals are expected to have systematic fall risk management policies and protocols.

Objectives: This study aimed to find out what types of patient fall risk prevention in hospital.

Methods:This integrated literature review reviewing literature from research articles that have quantitative research methods with quasi-experimental, cross-sectional, randomized controlled trial approaches and research articles that have qualitative research methods. Ten research articles identified google scholar and science direct database in the 2013-2023 range were analyzed using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Quasi Experimental Studies, JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies, JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials dan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research.

Results:Out of 16 articles examined, there are many types of patient fall risk prevention in hospital starting from carrying out fall risk fall risk assessment, providing education, providing facilities that support patient needs, monitoring the patient’s condition regularly to patient discharge planning.

Discussion: Fall risk prevention divided into three types, patient early treatment, patient daily treatment, and patient discharge planning. These three types of fall risk prevention are interrelated and must be implemented systematically.

Keywords: assessment, fall risk prevention, hospital, intervention