ABSTRACT

Riyadi, Muhammad Fahmi. 2025. Exploring Self-Efficacy in Speaking English: A Qualitative Study of EFL Learners on English Language Education Study Program Batch 2022. English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Advisor: Elvina Arapah, M.Pd, Emma Rosana Febriyanti, M.Pd.

Keywords: self-efficacy, speaking skills, EFL learners, sources of self-efficacy

This qualitative study investigates the self-efficacy of 10 EFL learners from the English Language Education Study Program at Lambung Mangkurat University, specifically focusing on their speaking abilities. Grounded in Bandura’s (1997) self-efficacy theory, the research utilizes a descriptive qualitative design employing questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to explore the influence of four self-efficacy sources: performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal. The findings reveal that all four sources significantly shape learners' confidence. Performance accomplishments emerged as a pivotal factor; high self-efficacy learners actively sought public speaking opportunities and engaged in self-regulated practice, whereas medium self-efficacy learners preferred solitary environments. Vicarious experiences served as a powerful motivator, with students modeling behavior after proficient peers and digital content creators. Furthermore, verbal persuasion proved essential for motivation, though medium-efficacy learners were found to be more sensitive to negative feedback. Finally, the study highlights the critical role of emotional arousal, where successful learners employed regulation strategies to transform anxiety into a driver for performance. The study concludes that creating a supportive environment with constructive feedback and diverse practice opportunities is vital for cultivating speaking proficiency.