ABSTRAK

Novianty, Desy. 2026. Mengembangkan Aktivitas, Berpikir Kritis, Dan Aspek Kognitif Menggunakan Kombinasi Model Project Based Learning Dan Direct Instruction Dengan Media Pohon Angka Pada Anak Kelompok B Di Paud Al-Muttaqin Banjarmasin. Skripsi Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Pembimbing Dr. Celia Cinantya, S.Kom.,M.Pd.

Kata Kunci: Project Based Learning, Direct Instruction, media pohon angka, berpikir kritis, perkembangan kognitif.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya aktivitas belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan perkembangan kognitif anak Kelompok B di PAUD Al-Muttaqin Banjarmasin. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis peningkatan aktivitas, berpikir kritis, dan perkembangan kognitif anak.

Solusi untuk permasalahan ini dengan menggunakan kombinasi model PjBL, dan DI, serta media pohon angka. Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam empat pertemuan dengan subjek 15 anak Kelompok B PAUD AlMuttaqin Banjarmasin tahun ajaran 2025/2026. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi aktivitas guru, aktivitas anak, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan perkembangan kognitif anak. 

Hasil penelitian bahwa aktivitas guru dari 67% meningkat hingga mencapai 88% dengan kriteria sangat baik, aktivitas anak dari 13% meningkat hingga mencapai 100% dengan kriteria seluruh anak aktif, kemampuan berpikir kritis dari 20% meningkat hingga mencapai 86% dengan kriteria seluruh anak berpikir kritis, dan perkembangan kognitif dari 27% meningkat hingga mencapai 87% dengan kategori Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). 

Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi model PjBL, DI, dan media pohon angka efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan perkembangan kognitif anak. Guru disarankan menggunakan model dan media pembelajaran yang inovatif untuk mendukung perkembangan anak usia dini secara optimChildho

ABSTRACT

Novianty, Desy. 2026. Developing Learning Activities, Critical Thinking, and Cognitive Development through a Combination of the Project-Based Learning and Direct Instruction Models Using Number Tree Media for Group B Children at Al-Muttaqin Early Childhood Education Center, Banjarmasin. Undergraduate Thesis, Early Childhood Teacher Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Lambung Mangkurat University. Supervisor: Dr. Celia Cinantya, S.Kom., M.Pd.

Keywords: Project-Based Learning, Direct Instruction, Number Tree Media Critical Thinking, Cognitive Development.

 This study was motivated by the low levels of learning activities, critical thinking skills, and cognitive development among Group B children at Al-Muttaqin Early Childhood Education Center in Banjarmasin. The study aimed to analyze improvements in children's learning activities, critical thinking skills, and cognitive development.

To address these problems, a combination of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and Direct Instruction (DI) models, supported by number tree media, was implemented. This study employed a qualitative approach using Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was conducted in four meetings involving 15 Group B children at Al-Muttaqin Early Childhood Education Center, Banjarmasin, during the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through observations of teacher activities, children's learning activities, critical thinking skills, and cognitive development.

The results showed that teacher activity increased from 67% to 88%, reaching the very good criterion. Children's learning activities increased from 13% to 100%, indicating that all children were actively engaged. Critical thinking skills improved from 20% to 86%, indicating that all children demonstrated critical thinking abilities. Cognitive development increased from 27% to 87%, reaching the Very Well Developed (VWD) category.

In conclusion, the combination of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and Direct Instruction (DI) models, supported by number tree media, was effective in improving children's learning activities, critical thinking skills, and cognitive development. Teachers are encouraged to use innovative learning models and instructional media to optimally support early childhood developmen